Balance of Family Test: Australian Parent Visa Guide 2025
If you’re applying for an Australian Parent Visa, one of the most important requirements is the Balance of Family (BoF) Test. Many applicants find this confusing — especially when stepchildren, adopted children, or children living overseas are involved. In this guide, we’ll explain the BoF test in plain English, with examples to help families understand how it works in 2025.
What Is the Balance of Family Test?
The Balance of Family Test is a requirement for most parent visas. It ensures that parents who migrate to Australia have close family ties in the country.
To pass, the applicant must show that:
- At least half of their children live permanently in Australia, OR
- More children live in Australia as permanent residents/citizens than in any other single country.
Example Scenarios
| Scenario | Children Distribution | Result | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| Example 1 | 4 children: • 2 in Australia (PR) • 1 in Canada • 1 in India |
✅ Pass | 2/4 are in Australia (50%) |
| Example 2 | 3 children: • 1 in Australia (PR) • 2 in UK |
❌ Fail | Majority in another country |
| Example 3 | 5 children: • 2 in Australia (citizens) • 1 in Canada • 1 in USA • 1 in India |
✅ Pass | More in Australia than any other single country |
Which Visas Require the BoF Test?
| Visa Type | Requires BoF Test | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Contributory Parent Visa (Subclass 143 & 173) | ✅ Yes | Permanent visa options |
| Parent Visa (Subclass 103 & 804) | ✅ Yes | Non-contributory permanent visas |
| Sponsored Parent (Temporary) Visa (Subclass 870) | ❌ No | Temporary alternative without BoF requirement |
Who Counts as a Child for the BoF Test?
- Biological children
- Adopted children (formal adoption recognized by Australian law)
- Step-children (if the relationship still exists)
- Children of any age (adult children are still counted)
Note: The child must still be alive to be counted in the Balance of Family Test.
PMEC Tips for Families
- Do a BOF test first – count where each child lives and their visa status.
- Keep evidence ready – birth certificates, passports, and residency proof.
- Consider alternatives – if you don’t meet BoF, the 870 Temporary Parent Visa may be an option.
- Seek advice early – waiting years to discover ineligibility can cost time and money.
Required Documentation
- Birth certificates for all children
- Marriage certificates (for step-children)
- Adoption papers (if applicable)
- Proof of Australian residency/citizenship for children in Australia
- Proof of overseas residence for children outside Australia
Conclusion
The Balance of Family Test is a crucial part of the parent visa process in Australia. While it may seem complex, understanding how it’s calculated will save you time and avoid disappointment.
At PMEC, we help families assess their eligibility, prepare the right evidence, and choose the best visa pathway for reunification.
